PA interprets Ham to mean "heat," with no claimed connection to Africa or color.

Date
60 - 60 AD
Type
Book
Source
Philo of Alexandria
Non-LDS
Hearsay
Direct
Reprint
Reference

F.H. Colson, G.H. Whitaker, and Ralph Marcus, eds., Philo: Works (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1930), 467, 469

Scribe/Publisher
Harvard University Press
People
G. H. Whitaker, F. H. Colson, Philo of Alexandria, Ralph Marcus
Audience
Reading Public
Transcription

English text: These remarks have been made solely for the purpose of showing that Ham the son of Noah is a name for shewing that Ham the son of Noah is a name for vice in the quiescent state and the grandson Canaan for the same when it passes into active movement. For Ham is by interpretation "heat," and Canaan "tossing." Now heat is a sign of fever in the body and of vice in the soul. For just as an attack of fever is a disease not of a part but of the whole body, so vice is a malady of the whole soul. Sometimes it is in a state of quiescence, sometimes of motion, and its motion is called by Moses "tossing," which in the Hebrew tongue is Canaan. . .It is natural enough then, that the just man should appear to lay his curses on his son, Canaan. I say "appear," because he virtually does curse his son, Ham, in cursing Canaan, since when Ham has been moved to sin, he himself becomes Canaan... Greek: Τίνος δὴ ταῦθ᾿ εἵνεκα εἶπον ἢ τοῦ διδάξαι χάριν, ὅτι ὁ μὲν υἱὸς τοῦ Νῶε Χὰμ ἠρεμούσης κακίας ἐστὶν ὄνομα, ὁ δὲ υἱωνὸς ἤδη καὶ κινουμένης; ἑρμηνεύεται γὰρ θέρημ μὲν Χάμ, σάλος δὲ Χαναάν. θέρμη δὲ ἐν μὲν σώματι πυρετὸν ἐμφαίνει, κακίαν δὲ ἐν ψυχαῖς· ὡς γάρ, οἶμαι, καταβολὴ πυρετοῦ νόσος ἐστὶν οὐ μέρους ἀλλ᾿ ὅλου σώματος, οὕτως ὅλης τῆς ψυχῆς ἀρρώστημά ἐστι κακία. ἀλλ᾿ ὁτὲ μὲν ἠρεμεῖ, ὁτὲ δὲ κινεῖται· τὴν δὲ κίνησιν αὐτῆς ὀνομάζει σάλον, ὃς Ἑβραίων γλώττῃ Χαναὰν καλεῖται. . .εἰκότως οὖν ὁ δίκαιος τὰς ἀρὰς τῷ υἱωνῷ Χαναὰν δόξει τίθεσθαι· δόξει δὲ εἶπον, ὅτι δυνάμει τῷ υἱῷ Χὰμ δι᾿ ἐκείνου καταρᾶται· κινηθεὶς γὰρ πρὸς τὸ ἁμαρτάνειν Χὰμ αὐτὸς γίνεται Χαναάν.

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