It is difficult to reconcile the view that masturbation improves mood with the findings in both sexes that greater masturbation frequency is associated with more depressive symptoms (Cyranowski et al.,2004; Frohlich & Meston,2002;Husted&Edwards,1976), less happiness (Das,2007), and several other indicators of poorer physical and mental health, which include anxious attachment (Costa & Brody,2011), immature psychological defense mechanisms, greater blood pressure reactivity to stress, and dissatisfaction with one's mental health and life in general (for a review, see Brody,2010). It is equally difficult to see how masturbation develops sexual interests, when greater masturbation frequency is so often associated with impaired sexual function in men(Brody & Costa,2009; Das, Parish, & Laumann,2009; Gerressu,Mercer, Graham, Wellings, & Johnson,2008; Lau, Wang, Cheng,& Yang,2005; Nutter & Condron,1985) and women (Brody&Costa,2009; Das et al.,2009; Gerressu et al.,2008; Lau, Cheng,Wang, & Yang,2006; Shaeer, Shaeer, & Shaeer,2012;Weiss&Brody,2009). Greater masturbation frequency is also associated with more dissatisfaction with relationships and less love for partners (Brody,2010;Brody&Costa,2009). In contrast, PVI is very consistently related to better health (Brody,2010;Brody&Costa,2009; Brody & Weiss,2011; Costa & Brody,2011,2012), better sexual function (Brody & Costa,2009; Brody & Weiss,2011;Nutter & Condron,1983,1985; Weiss & Brody,2009), and better intimate relationship quality (Brody,2010; Brody & Costa,2009;Brody & Weiss,2011). Moreover, although less risk of prostate cancer was associated with greater number of ejaculations (without specification of the sexual behavior) (Giles et al.,2003), it is PVI frequency that is specifically associated with reduced risk, whereas masturbation frequency is more often related to increased risk (for a review on the subject, see Brody,2010). In this regard, it is interesting to note that masturbation is also associated with other problems of the prostate (higher prostate specific antigen levels and swollen or tender prostate) and, compared with the ejaculate obtained from PVI, the ejaculate obtained from masturbation has markers of poorer prostatic function and lesser elimination of waste products (Brody,2010).