The Book of Mormon and the Spaulding Manuscript

174 Primary Sources

Date
Summary
Jul 9, 1816

A Pittsburgh newspaper, The Commonwealth, reports that Sidney Rigdon and Solomon Spaulding had letters at the Pittsburgh post office at the same time.

Mar 26, 1830

Announcement of selling of the Book of Mormon in the Wayne Sentinel.

Feb 15, 1831

The Cleveland Advertiser claims Sidney Rigdon wrote the Book of Mormon.

Feb 12, 1832 - Feb 13, 1832

Orson Hyde reports preaching in Salem (now Conneaut), Ohio.

Mar 8, 1832

Sidney Rigdon is called to be Joseph's counselor.

Dec 20, 1833

The Wayne Sentinel reports that Doctor Philastus Hurlbut has found evidence that the Book of Mormon came from a thirty year old manuscript.

1834

In Mormonism Unvailed E. D. Howe suggests that the Book of Mormon is plagiarized from Solomon Spaulding's manuscript.

1834

In Mormonism Unvailed E. D. Howe suggests that the Book of Mormon is plagiarized from Solomon Spaulding's manuscript.

Jan 4, 1834 - Jan 15, 1834

Court case between Joseph Smith and Doctor Philastus Hurlbut.

Jan 31, 1834

A committee in Kirtland, Ohio announces that they gathered information tying Solomon Spaulding to the Book of Mormon.

Jan 31, 1834

A committee in Kirtland, Ohio announces that they gathered information tying Solomon Spaulding to the Book of Mormon.

Apr 9, 1834

Transcript of court case between Joseph Smith and Doctor Philastus Hurlbut on April 9, 1834.

Apr 9, 1834

Court docket entry for the case between Joseph Smith and Doctor Philastus Hurlbut.

Apr 22, 1834

The Free Elector reprints a letter from the Painesville Telegraph about the Spaulding manuscript.

Jan 7, 1837

Clericus reports on Mormonism Unvailed and the Spaulding manuscript.

1838

Samuel Williams claims that Sidney Rigdon used Solomon Spaulding's manuscript to write the Book of Mormon.

1838

Parley P. Pratt explains how he introduced Sidney Rigdon to the Book of Mormon.

1838

Parley P. Pratt criticizes newspapers that report the Spaulding theory as a fact.

Jun 1838

Joseph Smith describes the area where he found the golden plates.

May 3, 1839

The Daily National Intelligencer reprints an article from the Boston Daily Advertiser reporting that Doctor Philastus Hurlbut found Spaulding's manuscript.

Jun 1839

Alexander Campbell supports the Spaulding theory.

Jun 8, 1839

Sidney Rigdon denies knowledge of the Spaulding manuscript.

Jun 8, 1839

Sidney Rigdon denies knowledge of the Spaulding manuscript.

Jan 1840

The Times and Seasons reprints an interview asserting that Spaulding's manuscript was similar to the Book of Mormon.

1840

Benjamin Winchester explains the origin of the Spaulding theory of Book of Mormon authorship.

May 1, 1843

The Times and Seasons includes a biography of Sidney Rigdon's early life in the history of Joseph Smith.

Jul 26, 1843

Tyler Parsons quotes statements from Mormonism Unvailed about the Spaulding manuscript.

Aug 22, 1844

Ralph Harding tells his son Dwight that he has read a book about the Spaulding theory.

Aug 31, 1844

The Weekly Herald publishes a fictional dialogue between Joseph Smith and the Devil about the Spaulding manuscript theory.

1849

In a novel by British writer Frederick Marryatt, the Spaulding theory is retold including the claim that Joseph Smith traveled to Pittsburgh.

1854

An early Church history notes that the Manchester Courier has printed articles about "the old Spaulding romance."

1863

The New American Cyclopaedia reports the Spaulding theory.

Apr 8, 1867

Biographical sketch of Solomon Spaulding.

1870

J. H. Beadle asserts that the Book of Mormon came from the Spaulding manuscript.

1870

In a history of Washington County, PA. Alfred Creigh asserts that the Book of Mormon came from Spaulding's "Manuscript Found."

1870

J. H. Beadle asserts that the Book of Mormon came from the Spaulding manuscript.

May 1, 1872

Phineas Bronson writes a letter to The Saints' Herald repudiating the Spaulding-Rigdon theory.

1874

In a letter to Amos Sutton Hayden, Darwin Atwater says that Sidney Rigdon knew about the Book of Mormon before 1830.

1878

William W. Williams quotes E. D. Howe's Mormonism Unvailed.

1878

William W. Williams' History of Ashtabula County, Ohio says that Solomon Spaulding is the author of the Book of Mormon.

Jan 7, 1880

M. D. Gilman says it "is now pretty well established" that Solomon Spaulding wrote the Book of Mormon.

Jan 7, 1881

The Daily Evening Reporter reprints a letter from Abner Jackson that gives a biography of Solomon Spaulding and the Spaulding theory.

1883

William Smith rejects the idea that Joseph Smith wrote the Book of Mormon using the Spaulding manuscript.

1883

George Reynolds argues against the Spaulding theory.

1883

William Smith rejects the idea that Joseph Smith wrote the Book of Mormon using the Spaulding manuscript.

Jan 20, 1883

Joseph Smith III repudiates the Spaulding theory.

1885

Ellen E. Dickinson interviews Doctor Philastus Hurlbut about the Spaulding manuscript.

1885

W. H. Whitsitt describes how he thinks Sidney Rigdon redacted the Spaulding manuscript.

1885

W. H. Whitsitt claims that Sidney Rigdon wrote the Book of Mormon, incorporating Disciple (Campbellite) theology into the text.

1885

Ellen E. Dickinson relates an interview with E. D. Howe about the Spaulding manuscript.

1885

Whitsitt theorizes how Sidney Rigdon got the Spaulding manuscript to Joseph Smith.

1885

W. H. Whitsitt describes the Honolulu Manuscript and states that it was not used to write the Book of Mormon.

1885

Ellen E. Dickinson claims that Sidney Rigdon did not steal the Spaulding manuscript, but he did copy it.

1885

Solomon Spaulding's niece, Ellen E. Dickinson, claims that Joseph Smith heard about the Spaulding Manuscript while working for Matilda Sabin Spaulding's brother.

1885

Delavan A. Leonard claims that there is little doubt that the Book of Mormon came from the Spaulding manuscript.

1885

The Community of Christ reprinted two letters from L. L. Rice to Joseph Smith III about the Spaulding manuscript.

1885

James H. Fairchild found no resemblance between the Spaulding manuscript and the Book of Mormon.

1885

W. H. Whitsitt claims that Sidney Rigdon traveled to Pennsylvania to give Oliver Cowdery and Joseph Smith additional text to add to the Book of Mormon.

Mar 23, 1885

The Utonian reports on the discovery of the Spaulding manuscript.

Apr 3, 1885

The Utonian reports on the discovery of the Spaulding manuscript.

Jun 6, 1885

The Santa Maria times reports the finding of the Spaulding manuscript and the circulation of the claims of a second manuscript.

Jun 6, 1885

The Santa Maria times reports the finding of the Spaulding manuscript and the circulation of the claims of a second manuscript.

Jul 15, 1885

The St. Joseph Gazette reports the claim that William Leffingwell edited the Book of Mormon for Solomon Spaulding.

Jul 19, 1885

A letter to the St. Joseph Gazette reports that the Spaulding manuscript was found in Hawaii and that William Leffingwell's story is incorrect.

Jul 20, 1885

The Sydney Morning Herald reports that Spaulding's niece wrote an expose of Mormonism, including the Spaulding manuscript theory.

Oct 1, 1885

W. H. Whitsitt compares the Honolulu (Spaulding) Manuscript and the Book of Mormon.

Dec 15, 1885

Helen Mar Kimball reviews Spaulding's "Manuscript Found" for the Woman's Exponent.

1886

Deseret Book reprints an apparent letter from Solomon Spaulding refuting Christianity.

1886

Preface to the Deseret Book edition of "Manuscript Found."

Feb 2, 1886

The Atlanta Constitution reports the discovery of the Spaulding manuscripts and claims L. L. Rice knew Sidney Rigdon.

Apr 24, 1887

The Cleveland Plain Dealer alleges that Solomon Spaulding plagiarized Ethan Smith's View of the Hebrews.

Jan 1888

Arthur B. Deming claims that Sidney Rigdon stole the Spaulding manuscript.

Jan 1888

James H. Fairchild says that the title "Manuscript Story" was on the wrapper of Spaulding's Manuscript when L. L. Rice found it.

Jan 1888

R. W. Alderman claims that Martin Harris told him that Sidney Rigdon stole Spaulding's manuscript and published it as the Book of Mormon.

Jan 1888

Mary W. Irvine claims that her father told her that Sidney Rigdon had the Spaulding manuscript.

Jan 1888

Arthur B. Deming writes a biography of Solomon Spaulding, connecting him to the Book of Mormon.

Jan 1888

Arthur B. Deming speculates that Solomon Spaulding wrote multiple copies of "Manuscript Found."

Jan 1888

Arthur B. Deming reprints a letter from James H. Fairchild about the title of Spaulding's manuscript.

Jan 1888

James H. Fairchild says that the Spaulding manuscript did not have a title.

1889

W. H. Whitsitt asserts that Sidney Rigdon is the author/editor of the Book of Mormon.

1889

W. H. Whitsitt says that Solomon Spaulding's story "Manuscript Found" existed in at least three forms which were used to write the Book of Mormon.

1890

Thomas Gregg repeats the Spaulding manuscript theory and reprints E. D. Howe's testimonies from Mormonism Unvailed.

1890

S. F. Porter alleges that Sidney Rigdon and Joseph Smith modified Spaulding's manuscript into the Book of Mormon.

1890

Critic Thomas Gregg claims that the Spaulding manuscript found in Hawaii is not the manuscript used to write the Book of Mormon.

1892

James H. Fairchild summarizes and criticizes the Spaulding theory.

1897

D. H. Bays recounts the Spaulding manuscript theory and calls it a "failure."

Oct 23, 1897

The Daily Enquirer reports that the Spaulding theory is still being taught.

1899

Lu B. Cake repeats the Spaulding theory.

Feb 1900

Joseph F. Smith reports a meeting with L. L. Rice in Hawaii about the Spaulding manuscript.

Mar 1900

Joseph F. Smith describes printing "Manuscript Found" and anti-Mormon claims that it was the origin of the Book of Mormon.

Mar 1900

Joseph F. Smith describes printing "Manuscript Found" and anti-Mormon claims that it was the origin of the Book of Mormon.

Apr 1900

Joseph F. Smith notes discrepancies between "Manuscript Found" and the Book of Mormon.

Apr 1900

Joseph F. Smith notes discrepancies between "Manuscript Found" and the Book of Mormon.

1902

William Alexander Linn retells the Spaulding manuscript theory.

1902

James Mahaffey lists 22 parallels he found between the Spaulding Manuscript and the Book of Mormon.

1906

Part 1 of a series on the origins of the Book of Mormon by Theodore Schroeder.

1906

Part 2 of a series on the origins of the Book of Mormon by Theodore Schroeder.

1907

Part 3 of Theodore Schroeder’s series on the origins of the Book of Mormon.

1907

Silas LeRoy Richards' journal includes a pamphlet that shares the Spaulding theory.

1907

Part 4 of Theodore Schroeder’s series on the origin of the Book of Mormon.

Dec 1, 1907

Theodore Schroeder calls the Spaulding theory the most likely explanation for the Book of Mormon.

Dec 1, 1907

Theodore Schroeder calls the Spaulding theory the most likely explanation for the Book of Mormon.

Dec 3, 1907

Eliza E. Cartwright says that Solomon Spaulding's daughter told her that one his characters was called "Mormon."

1908

W. H. Whitsitt explains how he believes Sidney Rigdon obtained the Spaulding manuscript.

Mar 28, 1908

The Deseret Evening News reports that the Spaulding theory is still being perpetuated.

Mar 28, 1908

The Deseret Evening News reports that the Spaulding theory is still being perpetuated.

1909

B. H. Roberts addresses the Spaulding theory.

1909

John Henry Evans describes the Spaulding theory and the problems with it.

1909

B. H. Roberts addresses the Spaulding theory.

1912

John W. Rigdon's biography of Sidney Rigdon reports that he began preaching in Pittsburg in 1819.

Nov 23, 1912

The Weekly Herald retells the Spaulding theory including the claim that the Three Witnesses denied their testimony.

1914

Charles A. Shook reprints E. D. Howe's affidavits about the Spaulding manuscript and the Book of Mormon.

1914

Henry C. Sheldon shares the Spaulding theory, including that there were two Spaulding manuscripts.

1914

Charles A. Shook argues that the Spaulding Manuscript found in Hawaii is not the same Spaulding manuscript the Book of Mormon came from.

1914

Charles A. Shook defends the Spaulding theory.

1915

Robert C. Webb critiques the theory that Sidney Rigdon stole a manuscript to create the Book of Mormon.

1915

Robert C. Webb explains problems with the Spaulding theory.

1915

Robert C. Webb explains problems with the Spaulding theory.

Jan 1919

Theodore Schroeder argues that Solomon Spaulding came up with the name Moroni.

1920

Clark Braden says the Book of Mormon is Spaulding's manuscript "revamped by Sydney Rigdon."

1937

M. D. Bown lists 100 similarities he saw between the Spaulding manuscript and the Book of Mormon.

1937

M. D. Bown explains the different kinds of similarities he found between the Spaulding manuscript and the Book of Mormon.

Jul 19, 1941

E. Cecil McGavin mentions Solomon Spaulding in an apologetic piece for the Deseret News.

Aug 14, 1942

James D. Bales lists similarities between the Book of Mormon and the Spaulding manuscript.

Aug 14, 1942

James D. Bales lists similarities between the Book of Mormon and the Spaulding manuscript.

1951

Marcus Bach describes the Spaulding theory.

1951

Francis W. Kirkham says that the Spaulding-Rigdon theory must be abandoned.

Oct 1959

Hugh Nibley criticizes parallels found between the Spaulding manuscript and the Book of Mormon.

1962

Walter Martin repeats the Spaulding theory and claims there are 75 parallels.

May 1964

A. Dean Wengreen responds to M. D. Bown's similarities between the Spaulding manuscript and the Book of Mormon.

1967

Sidney B. Sperry challenges proponents of the second Spaulding manuscript theory to produce the manuscript.

1967

Sidney B. Sperry challenges proponents of the second Spaulding manuscript theory to produce the manuscript.

1969

Åke V. Ström posits that Joseph might have been influenced by Solomon Spaulding and/or Ethan Smith.

Feb 1969

Marcus Bach reports the Spaulding theory in an article for Fate magazine.

Sep 1976

Bruce D. Blumell responds to claims that the Book of Mormon derives from Spaulding's manuscript in the Ensign.

Sep 1976

Bruce D. Blumell responds to claims that the Book of Mormon derives from Spaulding's manuscript in the Ensign.

1977

The Tanners describe dissimilarities between the Spaulding Manuscript and pages of the Book of Mormon manuscript.

1977

Charles H. Whittier and Stephen W. Stathis review Solomon Spaulding's life.

1977

The Tanners describe dissimilarities between the Spaulding Manuscript and pages of the Book of Mormon manuscript.

Jun 26, 1977

Russell Chandler reports that hand writing analysts found a connection between Spaulding's writing and an unknown scribe of the Book of Mormon.

Jun 26, 1977

Russell Chandler reports that hand writing analysts found a connection between Spaulding's writing and an unknown scribe of the Book of Mormon.

Jul 8, 1977

Ogden Standard-Examiner reports that Jerald Tanner does not believe the Book of Mormon came from the Spaulding Manuscript.

Jul 8, 1977

Ogden Standard-Examiner reports that Jerald Tanner does not believe the Book of Mormon came from the Spaulding Manuscript.

Sep 1977

Orson Scott Card writes an article about the Spaulding theory for the Ensign.

Sep 24, 1977

The Los Angeles Times reports that Howard Doulder and Henry Silver retracted their statements that Solomon Spaulding's handwriting was in the Book of Mormon.

1983

Vernal Holley ties the Spaulding theory to New England geography for Book of Mormon place names.

Nov 25, 1985

In a letter to The Salt Lake Tribune Chris Miller suggests that the Church is hiding the Spaulding manuscript in the First Presidency vault.

1992

Encyclopedia of Mormonism entry for the Spaulding Manuscript.

Oct 1993

Gordon B. Hinckley voices his rejection of both the Solomon Spaulding and View Of The Hebrews theories for the origins of the BOM.

1995

Fawn Brodie explains the Spaulding theory of Book of Mormon authorship.

1995

Fawn Brodie concludes that the Spaulding-Rigdon theory is not supported by the historical evidence.

1995

Fawn Brodie explains the origins of the claims that there were two Spaulding manuscripts.

1995

Fawn Brodie concludes that the Spaulding-Rigdon theory is not supported by the historical evidence.

1996

Chapter 1 of "Manuscript Found" introduces the author as a Roman sent to Britain who was blown off course.

1996

Spaulding's "Manuscript Found" starts with an account of the record being found under a rock.

1996

Kent P. Jackson introduces 'Manuscript Found,' providing an overview of its history and significance, and explains the process he followed to edit and transcribe the document for publication.

1996

The Romans in Spaulding's "Manuscript Found" choose a man to be a minister of Jesus Christ.

1996

Spaulding's "Manuscript Found" mentions a character riding a horse.

2005

Cowdrey, et al. say that they will present new and old evidence for the Spaulding theory.

2005

Matthew Roper introduces his critique of The Spaulding Enigma.

2005

Matthew Roper argues that there is not convincing evidence of two Spaulding manuscripts.

2005

Wayne L. Cowdrey, et al. suggest that the Spaulding theory began when Orson Hyde preached in Conneaut in 1832.

2005

Matthew Roper argues that there is not convincing evidence of two Spaulding manuscripts.

2005

Matthew Roper critiques claims that Oliver Cowdery was in a conspiracy with Joseph Smith.

2005

Cowdrey, et al. say that they will present new and old evidence for the Spaulding theory.

2006

Cowdery, et al. respond to Matthew Roper's review of their book.

2008

Matthew L. Jockers, et al publish a study concluding that Spaulding and Rigdon are the main contributor to the Book of Mormon.

2008

Matthew L. Jockers, et al publish a study concluding that Spaulding and Rigdon are the main contributor to the Book of Mormon.

Apr 26, 2009

The blogger Mormon Heretic describes how the Spaulding manuscript theory has been debunked.

Oct 2009

Jeffrey R. Holland mentions Solomon Spaulding in a General Conference talk.

2011

Matthew Roper and Paul J. Fields criticize Jockers, et al.'s sources for Sidney Rigdon's authorship of the Book of Mormon.

2011

Matthew Roper and Paul J. Fields conclude that Criddle, et al.'s historical methodology for accepting Sydney Rigdon's hand in Book of Mormon authorship is flawed.

2011

Matthew Roper and Paul J. Fields describe Sidney Rigdon's relationship with the Book of Mormon.

2011

Schaalje, et. al conclude that Jocker, et. al's conclusion that the majority of the Book of Mormon came from the Spaulding manuscript is incorrect.

2011

Schaalje, et. al conclude that Jocker, et. al's conclusion that the majority of the Book of Mormon came from the Spaulding manuscript is incorrect.

Apr 2011

Using Jocker's method G. Bruce Schaalje, et al. find false attribution of the Federalist Papers to Mormon writers.

2013

Mormon says that his record is written in "reformed Egyptian."

2013

The Book of Mormon describes Lehi's family traveling to the Americas in a ship.

2013

The Book of Mormon says that there are horses in the Promised Land.

2013

The title page of the Book of Mormon says that it is written to convince Jews and Gentiles that Jesus is the Christ.

2013

Mormon describes the final battles before the end of the Nephite civilization.

Sep 2013

Matthew L. Jockers follows up his 2008 study with a new study defending his findings.

2016

Sharon Black, et al. share research that concludes that the name letter effect suggests Solomon Spaulding was not the author of the Book of Mormon.

Nov 1, 2016

Tad R. Callister discusses Solomon Spaulding and View Of The Hebrews in a BYU speech.

2018

Arthur Chris Eccel gives a refutation of the Spalding-Rigdon theory.

2018

Arthur Chris Eccel gives a refutation of the Spalding-Rigdon theory.

2019

Brian C. Hales summarizes the Spaulding theory.

Feb 13, 2019

Dan Vogel explains the Spaulding theory and why he does not believe it.

Feb 13, 2019

Dan Vogel explains the Spaulding theory and why he does not believe it.

Jan 30, 2020

Brewin et al. conclude that memory is generally reliable unless influenced by external factors.

2021

Richard E. Turley, Jr. reports on a forged document clearly connecting Sidney Rigdon and Solomon Spaulding made by Mark Hofmann.

2023

The Joseph Smith Papers website gives a historical introduction to the original Book of Mormon manuscript and its translation process.

May 17, 2023

Jacob H. Parker explains the Spaulding-Rigdon theory in the Dartmouth Review.

2024

City of Conneaut website gives a brief history of the area.

2024

Lars Nielsen claims that Sidney Rigdon used Parley P. Pratt to collude with Joseph Smith to write the Book of Mormon.

2024

MormonThink page of articles on the Spaulding theory.

2024

The Joseph Smith Papers introduces Joseph Smith's court case against Doctor Philastus Hurlbut.

2024

Gospel Topics essay on the Spaulding Manuscript.

2024

An exmormon.org article on Book of Mormon authorship attributes it to Sidney Rigdon and the Spaulding manuscript.

2024

Gospel Topics essay on the Spaulding Manuscript.

Jan 31, 2024

Mormon Discussion Inc. shares and supports the Spaulding-Rigdon theory, including the claim that Sidney Rigdon received Spaulding's manuscript in Pennsylvania.

Feb 7, 2024

In a second video, Mormon Discussion Inc. continues to talk about the Spaulding-Rigdon theory.