b) Adam and Eve

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"Adam is our Father and our God, and the only God with whom we have to do." Brigham Young

​God the Father is also called "The Ancient of Days" in the Bible and Doctrine and Covenants. Many Christians and biblical experts understand this character to be God the Father.

Three passages in Doctrine and Covenants liken the Ancient of Days to Adam: Section 27:11, Section 116: 1 and Section 138: 38.

How can Adam be the Ancient of Days if the Ancient of Days is the God of the Old Testament?

Mormons teach that God the Father created our world so that His children could learn and progress towards eternal life, gain exaltation and become like Him.

Godhood implies being able to create worlds so that our 'children' may be born in that world organized for helping them learn and progress to godhood in their turn.

This doctrine of "eternal progression" implies that our God was previously a man who followed eternal principles that allowed him to progress to godhood, hence the once famous Mormon couplet: "As man is, God once was; as God is, man may become." 

One man from another creation received his exaltation at the resurrection. He was later called to organize a world for his children to be born and continue the cycle.

Most Mormon Fundamentalists believe that being the Father of a creation involves 'falling' and become mortal again, so he may have mortal offspring who may may live, progress and learn to become their Father (God). 

For most Fundamentalists this resurrected/exalted/immortal man was Adam who took one of his wives to become the Eve (Mother of all the living) of this creation. Like the grave could not keep Jesus, it could not keep (his father) Adam who is now enthroned (with Jesus on His right). 

Brigham Young and a few other leaders taught this doctrine publicly for about forty years.

Nowadays, the Adam-God doctrine is completely rejected by the LDS Church and its defenders face excommunication.

The LDS Church asserts that Brigham Young "speculated" and "only expressed his own personal opinion". This "false doctrine" has also been imputed to "errors of scribes".

However, the LDS Church continues to teach, in accordance with The Book of Mormon and the teachings of Joseph Smith and Brigham Young, that the Fall of Adam and Eve was a positive event, allowing their children to participate in the Plan of Salvation.