B.H. Roberts notes that some of the elements informing Brigham Young's "Adam-God" teaching originated with Joseph Smith.
B. H. Roberts, History of the Church, 7 vols. (Salt Lake City: The Deseret News, 1905), 3:388
It is generally supposed that Brigham Young was the author of the doctrine which places Adam as the patriarchal head of the human race, and ascribes to him the dignity of future presidency over this earth and its inhabitants, when the work of redemption shall have been completed. Those who read the Prophet’s treatise on the Priesthood in the text above will have their opinions corrected upon this subject; for clearly it is the word of the Lord through the Prophet Joseph Smith which established that doctrine. The utterances of President Brigham Young but repeat and expound the doctrine which the Prophet here sets forth.