[Philo in Genesis 2:16-17] observes that the first man is named Adam. On the basis of etymology Philo identifies Adam with ‘the earthly and perishable mind; for the mind that was made after the image is not earthly but heavenly’. On the anthropological level, then, a person possesses two minds. Philo continues by integrating these ‘two minds’ on the ethical level. In a discussion of the difference between prohibition, injunction, and command, Philo distinguishes between three types of people: ‘For prohibition deals with wrongdoings and is addressed to the bed man, injunction concerns duties rightly done, and exhortation is addressed to the neutral man, the man who is neither bad nor good . . . There is no need, then, to give injunctions or prohibitions or exhortations to the perfect man formed after the (Divine) image, for none of these does the perfect man require.’

Beside the movement from anthropological to ethical in this passage, another feature is important. Philo employs the term ‘man according to the image’ of the rational mind. It does not represent in this passage the Platonic ideal man. In Op 24-25, where the Platonic framework is evident. But in LA this represents the immortal mind on the anthropological level and, by extension, the perfect person who is ruled by that immortal mind on the ethical level.